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Rob Reiner, the American director, actor and political activist whose comedies became part of the popular lexicon, has died at 78. The cause was homicide. Reiner was found dead with his wife, Michele Singer Reiner, allegedly at the hands of their son Nick, in their Los Angeles home.
美国导演、演员兼政治活动家罗伯特•莱纳(Rob Reiner)去世，享年78岁。死因为他杀。莱纳与其妻子米歇尔•辛格•莱纳(Michele Singer Reiner)被发现陈尸于洛杉矶家中，据称二人遇害与其子尼克(Nick)有关。
The murder felt all the more shocking for a widely loved man whose best work became an integral part of American pop culture, or as one fan wrote: “Rob Reiner made Princess Bride, which makes him my third parent.” That 1987 fairytale comedy belonged to Reiner’s sure-handed run of Hollywood hits, showing off his crowd-pleasing directorial touch with showbiz satire (This Is Spinal Tap), coming-of-age drama (Stand by Me), romantic comedy (When Harry Met Sally . . . ), courtroom conflict (A Few Good Men) and twisted thriller (Misery). These films were his second act after already notching a career-defining role as Archie Bunker’s liberal son-in-law in the 1970s Norman Lear sitcom All in the Family.
这起谋杀案尤为令人震惊，因为受害者是一位广受爱戴的人物，其代表作已成为美国流行文化不可分割的一部分。正如一位影迷所写：“罗伯特•莱纳拍了《公主新娘》(The Princess Bride)，这让他成了我的第三位父母。”这部1987年的童话喜剧，正属于莱纳在好莱坞接连推出佳作的黄金时期，集中展现了他讨人喜爱的导演功力：演艺圈讽刺《摇滚万万岁》(This Is Spinal Tap)、成长题材《伴我同行》(Stand by Me)、浪漫喜剧《当哈利遇到莎莉》(When Harry Met Sally)、法庭戏剧《好人寥寥》(A Few Good Men)，以及心理惊悚片《危情十日》(Misery)。这些影片构成了他职业生涯的“第二幕”；在此之前，他已凭借1970年代诺曼•里尔(Norman Lear)创作的情景喜剧《一家之主》(All in the Family)中饰演阿奇•邦克那位自由派女婿一角，奠定了自己的荧屏形象。
Born in the Bronx, Rob Reiner grew up among Lear, Mel Brooks, Neil Simon and other showbiz luminaries as dinner guests at home because of his father, comedy star Carl Reiner (who met his mother, Estelle, in the Borscht Belt of Jewish holiday resorts in the Catskills). Although intimidated by his father’s mammoth reputation as a writer on Sid Caesar’s Your Show of Shows and as creator of The Dick Van Dyke Show, Reiner felt at home acting in summer stock and studied theatre at UCLA. Following bit parts on TV (including Alfred Hitchcock Presents opposite Walter Matthau), he auditioned at 23 for All in the Family.
罗伯特•莱纳出生于纽约布朗克斯区。由于其父亲——喜剧明星卡尔•莱纳(Carl Reiner)——的缘故，家中常有里尔、梅尔•布鲁克斯(Mel Brooks)、尼尔•西蒙(Neil Simon)等演艺界名流登门作客。卡尔•莱纳曾是西德•凯撒(Sid Caesar)的《综艺秀》(Your Show of Shows)编剧之一，并创作了《迪克•范•戴克秀》(The Dick Van Dyke Show)；而莱纳的母亲埃丝特尔(Estelle)则是在卡茨基尔山脉“罗宋汤地带”的犹太度假村结识了卡尔。尽管父亲的盛名令他倍感压力，莱纳仍在夏季剧团中如鱼得水，并在加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)学习戏剧。此后他在电视上出演过一些小角色（包括在《希区柯克剧场》(Alfred Hitchcock Presents)中与沃尔特•马修(Walter Matthau)对戏），并在23岁时参加了《一家之主》的试镜。
Reiner’s “Meathead” character (so named by Archie) helped dramatise generational political tensions still playing out in the US after the 1960s and with the rise of President Richard M Nixon. Meathead’s clumsy, well-intended efforts to fit in also struck a chord with many, heralding the future filmmaker’s common touch with his movies. The sitcom, which ran until 1979, gave Reiner a training in terms of structure and reading the audience: “To me, TV and film is theatre,” he said.
莱纳饰演的“肉头”（Meathead，阿奇为其取的绰号）将美国在20世纪60年代之后、以及理查德•尼克松(Richard Nixon)执政时期仍在持续的代际政治紧张关系具象化呈现。这个笨拙却本意良善、努力融入主流社会的角色，引发了许多观众的共鸣，也预示了这位未来电影导演作品中的亲民气质。该剧一直播出至1979年，为莱纳提供了关于结构把控和观众反应判断的系统训练。“在我看来，电视和电影都是剧场，”他说。
Reiner made one of the great directorial debuts with This Is Spinal Tap, a 1984 satire of big, dumb rock and music-world mythmaking. Perfecting the mockumentary, Reiner’s chronicle of long-haired legends-in-their-own-minds grew out of teamwork with his co-stars and co-writers, Christopher Guest, Harry Shearer and Michael McKean. Shearer echoed many tributes in praising Reiner’s talent and character: “He was funny, he was smart, he was a mensch . . . When the four of us proposed ideas for the films, he was the one who wrote them on 3x5 cards, and organised them into a movie.” Reiner’s sequel, Spinal Tap II: The End Continues, opened in September, featuring Paul McCartney, who called him “an upbeat, lovable man” in a social media post.
莱纳凭借1984年的《摇滚万万岁》完成了影史上最出色的导演处女作之一。这部影片以伪纪录片形式讽刺摇滚乐及其神话制造，与其联合主演兼编剧克里斯托弗•盖斯特(Christopher Guest)、哈里•希尔勒(Harry Shearer)和迈克尔•麦基恩(Michael McKean)的合作密不可分。希尔勒在众多悼念中评价莱纳：“他风趣、聪明，是个正派好人……当我们四个人提出点子时，他会把它们写在3×5英寸的卡片上，并整理成一部电影。”莱纳的续作《摇滚万万岁2：终章继续》（Spinal Tap II: The End Continues）于9月上映，保罗•麦卡特尼(Paul McCartney)客串其中，并在社交媒体上称莱纳为“一位积极乐观、惹人喜爱的人”。
Reiner’s heartfelt side shone in his 1986 adaptation of Stand by Me, a Stephen King story about children who find a dead body, starring River Phoenix, Corey Feldman and Jerry O’Connell. His collaborations with sharp screenwriters and actors generated enough Hollywood moments to fill an awards show: “Inconceivable!” (The Princess Bride, written by William Goldman); “I’ll have what she’s having” (When Harry Met Sally . . . , written by Nora Ephron, delivered by Reiner’s mother, in the plummest of walk-ons); and “You can’t handle the truth” (A Few Good Men, written by Aaron Sorkin). Kathy Bates, who rose to stardom as the unhinged nurse in Misery, told Entertainment Weekly that Reiner “made films of every genre to challenge himself as an artist.”
莱纳在1986年改编自斯蒂芬•金(Stephen King)作品的《伴我同行》中展现了真挚动人的一面，影片由里弗•菲尼克斯(River Phoenix)、科里•费尔德曼(Corey Feldman)和杰里•奥康奈尔（Jerry O’Connell）主演。他与一批才华横溢的编剧和演员合作，创造出足以载入影史的经典台词：“难以置信！”（《公主新娘》，编剧威廉•戈德曼〔William Goldman〕）；“我也要她点的那样”（《当哈利遇到莎莉》，编剧诺拉•艾芙伦〔Nora Ephron〕，由莱纳的母亲在一次精彩客串中说出）；以及“你根本承受不了真相”（《好人寥寥》，编剧亚伦•索尔金〔Aaron Sorkin〕）。因在《危情十日》中饰演偏执护士而成名的凯西•贝茨(Kathy Bates)对《娱乐周刊》(Entertainment Weekly)表示，莱纳“为了挑战自己作为艺术家的极限，几乎拍遍了所有类型的电影”。
When Harry Met Sally . . . re-energised the romantic comedy genre by casting Meg Ryan and Billy Crystal in a friends-and-lovers battle of the sexes, and he directed Kathy Bates to an Oscar-winning performance in Misery, another Stephen King adaptation. But at times he made a bigger impact behind the scenes. His company Castle Rock Entertainment produced hit movies such as In the Line of Fire and The Shawshank Redemption and TV shows including Seinfeld.
《当哈利遇到莎莉》通过让梅格•瑞恩与比利•克里斯托展开一场亦友亦爱的性别攻防战，为浪漫喜剧类型注入新生；而他在《危情十日》中对凯西•贝茨的调度，也为后者赢得了奥斯卡奖。除此之外，莱纳在幕后产生的影响同样深远。他创立的卡斯尔•罗克娱乐公司(Castle Rock Entertainment)出品了《刺杀火线》(In the Line of Fire)、《肖申克的救赎》(The Shawshank Redemption)等影片，并制作了电视剧《宋飞正传》(Seinfeld)。
A familiar poppa-bear figure, Reiner also became an outspoken advocate of political causes. He spearheaded a challenge to a proposal banning same-sex marriage in California, and pushed to fund early childhood initiatives with a tax on tobacco. Reflecting his respect among the Democratic establishment, at least three former American presidents have issued statements about his death, as have prominent politicians in both parties.
这位带着“熊爸爸”气质的公众人物，也逐渐成为直言不讳的政治倡导者。他曾领导反对加州禁止同性婚姻提案的运动，并推动通过对烟草征税为幼儿早期教育项目筹资。反映其在民主党建制派中的声望，至少三位美国前总统以及两党多位重量级政界人士都就他的去世发表了声明。
Reiner continued acting (including a recurring role on the 2010s sitcom New Girl) and directing into the 2020s, and produced a prescient 2024 documentary on the rise of Christian nationalism, God & Country. The suddenness of his and his wife’s death was driven home by a social media post by comic actor Eric Idle on Monday: “Rob Reiner was a lovely man. I spoke to him last night for over an hour.”
进入2020年代，莱纳仍持续表演（包括在情景喜剧《杰茜驾到》(New Girl)中的常驻角色），并继续执导创作。他在2024年推出纪录片《上帝与国家》（God & Country），前瞻性地探讨基督教民族主义的兴起。他与妻子的骤然离世，更因喜剧演员埃里克•艾德尔(Eric Idle)周一在社交媒体上的发文而显得格外不真实：“罗伯特•莱纳是个可爱的人。我昨晚还和他通话了一个多小时。”
Reiner is survived by his four children: Jake, Nick, Romy and, adopted from a previous marriage to Penny Marshall, Tracy.
莱纳留下四名子女：杰克(Jake)、尼克(Nick)、罗米(Romy)，以及从其此前与佩妮•马歇尔(Penny Marshall)的婚姻中收养的特雷西(Tracy)。