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Latest situation: US announces new Israel-Hamas peace proposals
Impact on population: Death toll in Gaza tops 36,000; over 100 hostages remain in captivity
Food and water insecurity: Aid deliveries slump after IDF seizure of Rafah crossing
Infrastructure damage: More than half of Gaza’s buildings damaged by fighting
Key events in the war: From Hamas’s October 7 attack to Israel’s incursion
最新情况：美国宣布新的以色列-哈马斯和平提议
对民众的影响： 加沙死亡人数超过36,000人；仍有100多名人质被囚禁
粮食和水无保障： 以色列国防军夺取拉法过境点后，援助物资运送量锐减
基础设施受损：加沙一半以上的建筑在战斗中受损
战争中的关键事件：从哈马斯10月7日的袭击到以色列的入侵
Latest situation: US announces new Israel-Hamas peace proposals
最新情况：美国宣布新的以色列-哈马斯和平提议
US President Joe Biden said on Friday that Israel had offered a
new proposal in negotiations with Hamas to free hostages and bring about a lasting ceasefire.
美国总统乔•拜登周五表示，以色列在与哈马斯的谈判中提出了一项新的建议，以释放人质并实现持久停火。
Biden said the Israeli proposal — coming after negotiators and international mediators reignited talks in recent days — would involve three phases:
拜登表示，在谈判代表和国际调停人最近几天重启谈判之后，以色列提出的建议将包括三个阶段：
Establishing a “full and complete ceasefire” over six weeks, including the withdrawal of Israeli forces from populated areas of Gaza, and the return of some hostages, alongside the release of some Palestinian prisoners.
The release of all hostages and a “permanent cessation of hostilities”.
The “reconstruction” of Gaza.
在六周内实现“全面彻底停火”，包括以色列军队从加沙人口稠密地区撤出，归还一些人质，同时释放一些巴勒斯坦囚犯。
释放所有人质和“永久停止敌对行动”。
加沙的“重建”。
Israel has been under increasing international isolation and mounting pressure to end the war after its forces stepped up their offensive in the southern Gaza city of Rafah.
在以色列军队加强对加沙南部城市拉法的进攻后，以色列受到越来越多的国际孤立和越来越大的要求结束战争的压力。
Impact on population: Death toll in Gaza tops 36,000; over 100 hostages remain in captivity
对人口的影响：加沙死亡人数超过36 000人；目前仍有100多名人质被囚禁
The Israel Defense Forces launched air and land offensives in Gaza in response to Hamas’s October 7 cross-border assault in southern Israel.
以色列国防军对加沙地带发动了空中和地面进攻，以回应哈马斯10月7日对以色列南部的越界袭击。
Hamas killed more than 1,200 people during the attack and seized about 250 hostages, according to Israeli officials, of whom 110 have since been released.
据以色列官员称，哈马斯在袭击中杀死了1200多人，并扣押了约250名人质，其中110人已被释放。
More than 36,000 people have been killed in the Israeli assault on Gaza, according to Palestinian officials.
据巴勒斯坦官员称，超过3.6万人在以色列对加沙的袭击中丧生。
Humanitarian workers inside Gaza have also faced significant danger during the conflict, with an unprecedented number being killed.
在冲突期间，加沙境内的人道主义工作者也面临重大危险，遇害人数之多前所未有。
Seven international aid workers were
killed in an April strike on a humanitarian convoy, with Israel later admitting that its soldiers had made errors in targeting the convoy. At least 200 employees of UNRWA, a UN agency that provides aid and support to Palestinians, have also been killed.
7名国际救援人员在4月份对一个人道主义车队的袭击中丧生，以色列后来承认其士兵在袭击车队时犯了错误。向巴勒斯坦人提供援助和支持的联合国机构UNRWA的至少200名雇员也被杀害。
After October 7, the IDF initially moved into northern Gaza before sweeping south towards Khan Younis and then Rafah. On May 24 the International Court of Justice said conditions in Rafah were “disastrous” and ordered Israel to
“immediately halt” its military offensive in the city.
10月7日之后，以色列国防军首先进入加沙北部，然后向南扫入汗尤尼斯和拉法。5月24日，国际法院称拉法的情况是“灾难性的”，并命令以色列“立即停止”在该市的军事进攻。
More than 2mn people in Gaza have been displaced by the conflict, with many
leaving Rafah and some moving to al-Mawasi or other IDF-declared “humanitarian areas”, while others head north towards the cities of Khan Younis and Deir al Balah.
加沙有超过200万人因冲突而流离失所，许多人离开拉法，一些人搬到马瓦西或其他以色列国防军宣布的“人道主义地区”，而其他人则向北前往汗尤尼斯和代尔巴拉等城市。
Food and water insecurity: Aid deliveries slump after IDF seizure of Rafah crossing
粮食和水无保障： 以色列国防军夺取拉法过境点后，援助物资运送量锐减
Aid deliveries containing urgently needed food, water and medical supplies have not been able to enter Gaza at their usual levels since the war began.
自战争开始以来，包括急需的食物、水和医疗用品在内的援助物资无法以通常的水平进入加沙。
自5月6日以色列国防军部队夺取拉法过境点巴勒斯坦一侧的“行动控制权”以来，援助物资短缺的情况进一步恶化。
The
struggle to access food aid, which is urgently needed to prevent Gazans slipping into famine, is forecast to have reached “catastrophic” levels.
为了防止加沙人陷入饥荒，迫切需要获得粮食援助，但预计获得粮食援助的斗争已经达到了“灾难性”的程度。
The US has built a $320mn floating pier to help get more aid into Gaza. The first shipments entered the territory on May 17 but the pier was shut down on May 28 for repairs after being damaged by a storm.
美国建造了一个价值3.2亿美元的浮动码头，以帮助向加沙运送更多援助物资。第一批援助物资已于5月17日运抵加沙，但该码头在5月28日因风暴受损而关闭维修。
The seaborne endeavour has drawn criticism from aid groups who say it is costly and limited in capacity, compared with more efficient land routes that have frequently been impeded by Israeli restrictions and far-right protests.
海上运输的努力招致了援助组织的批评，他们表示，与更有效的陆路运输相比，海上运输成本高昂，能力有限，而陆路运输经常受到以色列的限制和极右翼抗议活动的阻碍。
Since Israel launched its Gaza offensive, damage to infrastructure and lack of fuel and electricity have also led to a severe water shortage.
自从以色列对加沙发动进攻以来，基础设施遭到破坏，燃料和电力的缺乏也导致了严重的缺水。
Before the war, Gaza sourced most of its water from an underground aquifer or Israeli state-owned water company Mekorot. According to an April
UN OCHA report, two of the Mekorot pipelines have been closed and the third is operating at only partial capacity. Israel has recently moved towards reopening them after pressure from the US.
在战争之前，加沙的大部分水来自地下含水层或以色列国有水务公司Mekorot。根据联合国人道事务协调厅4月份的一份报告，两条Mekorot管道已经关闭，第三条管道仅以部分容量运行。在美国的压力下，以色列最近开始重新开放这些设施。
Meanwhile, only one of the six wastewater treatment plants and two of three desalination plants are partially working.
与此同时，六个污水处理厂中只有一个和三个海水淡化厂中的两个处于部分工作状态。
Infrastructure damage: More than half of Gaza’s buildings damaged by fighting
基础设施受损：加沙一半以上的建筑在战斗中受损
According to damage assessments from researchers at the CUNY Graduate Center and Oregon State University, more than half of all buildings across the Gaza Strip have suffered damage, rising to
nearly 80 per cent in Gaza City.
根据纽约市立大学研究生中心和俄勒冈州立大学的研究人员所作的损害评估，加沙地带一半以上的建筑物遭到破坏，加沙城的这一数字上升到近80%。
The damage in
Khan Younis and Rafah has also increased as Israel expanded its offensive from northern Gaza to the rest of the territory.
随着以色列将进攻从加沙北部扩大到加沙其他地区，汗尤尼斯和拉法的损失也在增加。
2023年10月9日至今：战争中的关键事件
2024年5月31日
美国宣布新的以色列-哈马斯和平提议
2024年5月24日
国际法院命令以色列停止对拉法的进攻
2024年5月20日
国际刑事法院检察官以涉嫌战争罪为由，要求对以色列总理本雅明•内塔尼亚胡和哈马斯高级领导人发出逮捕令
2024年5月7日
尽管哈马斯同意停火换人质协议，以色列仍派遣军队进入拉法并占领边境通道
2024年4月19日
以色列对伊朗发动了精确的报复性袭击
2024年4月14日
伊朗向以色列发射无人机和导弹，作为对以色列空袭伊朗大马士革大使馆的回应
2024年4月5日
以色列承认在袭击世界中央厨房救援人员后犯下“严重错误”
2024年2月29日
超过110名加沙人在致命的救援车队混乱中丧生
2023年12月4日
以色列加紧了对加沙南部的空中轰炸，本月晚些时候又对汗尤尼斯市发动了进攻
2023年11月24日
以色列和哈马斯在计划释放人质前达成停火协议
2023年11月16日
以色列军队袭击加沙最大的医院，将围困推向高潮
2023年10月9日
以色列对加沙实施“全面包围”，创纪录地征召了30万名预备役军人，并从空中猛烈轰炸加沙地带
October 7 2023: Hamas attacks Israel
2023年10月7日：哈马斯袭击以色列
As much of Israel slept, Hamas militants launched an multipronged dawn assault on the country from the Gaza Strip.
当以色列大部分地区还在沉睡时，哈马斯武装分子从加沙地带向以色列发动了多管齐下的黎明攻击。
The assault began in the early hours of the morning on the Jewish holiday of Simchat Torah, with thousands of rockets fired at Israeli towns and cities. Many were intercepted by Israel’s Iron Dome defence system, but satellite imagery showed fires and smoke rising from locations that were hit.
这次袭击开始于犹太节日西赫托拉节的清晨，数千枚火箭弹向以色列城镇发射。许多导弹被以色列的铁穹防御系统拦截，但卫星图像显示，被击中的地点升起了火焰和烟雾。
Hundreds of Hamas fighters simultaneously attacked by land, air and sea, breaching the fortified barrier between Gaza and Israel.
数百名哈马斯战士同时从陆地、空中和海上发动攻击，突破了加沙和以色列之间坚固的屏障。
Militants used motorised paragliders to attack the Supernova music festival, which was taking place not far from the Gaza border. After flying in, they shot many Israelis and took others as hostages.
武装分子使用机动滑翔伞袭击了距离加沙边境不远处正在举行的“超新星”音乐节。他们飞抵现场后，枪杀了许多以色列人，并劫持了其他人作为人质。
After breaching the Gaza fence, armed Hamas fighters targeted Israeli communities and military sites at several locations, going door-to-door and performing execution-style killings as well as taking hostages.
在突破加沙的围栏后，武装的哈马斯战士把以色列社区和几个地方的军事基地作为目标，挨家挨户地进行处决式的杀戮，并劫持人质。
More than 1,200 Israeli civilians and troops were killed on October 7, according to Israeli officials — making it the deadliest attack on the country since its foundation.
据以色列官员称，10月7日有1200多名以色列平民和军队被杀，这是自以色列建国以来最致命的袭击。
